裸官

裸官并不是指赤身裸體被人拍“艷照”的官員，相反，他們大多衣冠楚楚、冠冕堂皇。之所以被稱作“裸官”，是因為他們將自己的妻子、兒女都移居國外，自己孤身一人留在國內(nèi)做官，就好比一個人身上沒有衣服，裸官身邊沒有妻子兒女，故稱“裸”。裸官的好處在于貪污受賄時無所牽掛、無所顧忌，隨時可將腐敗所得轉(zhuǎn)移出境，萬一惡行敗露，也可腳底抹油，溜之大吉。因此，裸官是政府預防官員腐敗的重點對象。隨著越來越多的裸官被抓，中國的裸官現(xiàn)象也引起了西方媒體的注意，紛紛報道中國政府對裸官的打擊。有趣的是，這些媒體不約而同地對“裸官”一詞采用了直譯加解釋的方法，以保留漢語詞義的原汁原味。比如：

What’s a “naked official” in China? … a “naked official” has nothing to do with porn. It means a crooked functionary who’s sent his family and his assets abroad—assets that people assume were misappropriated largely from public funds. (www.thedailybeast.com)

“Naked officials” refers to civil servants who have sent their families overseas allegedly with their ill-gotten assets. Moving money and family abroad is often seen as a precursor to officials’ own flight. (CNN)

這種直譯加解釋的翻譯方法，既能保留“裸官”一詞的隱喻特征，又能使英語讀者準確理解其含義，不失為一種理想的處理方法。

裸退

“裸退”也是和官員有關的一個詞，指官員退休后不再擔任官方、半官方乃至企業(yè)、民間機構(gòu)或群眾組織的任何職務，連顧問等名譽職務也不擔任。第一個使用這個詞的據(jù)說是前國務院副總理吳儀，她在2007年宣布自己將完全退休，不再擔任任何職務時，使用了“裸退”一詞。這種裸退實際上是一種complete or thorough retirement。按照直譯加解釋的翻譯方法 ，可將該詞翻譯為：

Naked retirement has nothing to do with nakedness. When people have naked retirement, they really retire, rather than take all sorts of honorary positions or consultancy posts. 

裸辭

裸辭和裸退異曲同工。裸辭是指還沒有找到新的工作就辭職，說走就走，就是這么任性和灑脫。該詞于2010年底榮登中國流行詞榜首，成為在年輕白領中流傳最廣、最快的詞匯，也是職場第一大熱詞。Littler網(wǎng)站對它作了如下描述：

The “naked” resignation—quitting without having new employment lined up—is a growing trend in China, according to China Daily. One headhunter reported that between 30%~40% of his candidates had resigned “naked.” The trend signals a change in cultural attitudes toward employment among the country’s younger workers, who are more frequently valuing personal satisfaction over compensation.

美國在線詞典Urban Dictionary也已將該詞條收錄，解釋如下：

Naked resignation: quitting one’s current job before getting the next one.

A: I quit my shitty job yesterday.

B: Oh, you got another one?

A: Nope, it was a naked resignation.

B: Man, you’ve got balls (你真有勇氣)!

裸婚

裸婚是指不買房、不買車、不辦婚禮甚至沒有婚戒而直接領證結(jié)婚的一種簡樸的結(jié)婚方式，是2008年最流行的網(wǎng)絡新詞。裸婚是已到了成家立業(yè)年齡的人們在“無房、無車、無存款”條件下的無奈之舉。這里的裸婚和西方的naked wedding (裸體婚禮)顯然不是一回事，也不能譯作naked wedding，因為它可能根本就沒有wedding ceremony。它實際上指的是一種婚姻現(xiàn)象或狀態(tài)，故可用naked marriage翻譯之。比如《基督科學箴言報》(Christian Science Monitor)對它的介紹：

“Naked marriage” refers to couples getting hitched even though the groom brings no apartment or car to the relationship, as is traditional … Naked marriage is a rising phenomenon, especially in big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai where property prices have risen nearly fivefold in the past decade.

維基百科專門有一詞條介紹中國裸婚的情況：

Naked Marriage (Chinese: 裸婚), a newly developed concept derived from the Internet in 2008, serves as a description of the increasingly prevalent form of marriage popular among people born after the 1980s in China. In Naked Marriage, loving partners get united without solid material foundation. It typically bears the characteristics of “no house”, “no car”, “no ring”, and “no ceremony” …

裸捐

裸捐就是把所有的個人資產(chǎn)全部捐出做慈善，不留一分錢給自己的子女和親人。世界最著名的裸捐者是比爾·蓋茨，他在從微軟總裁的位置上退下后，將自己名下的580億美元全部捐給梅林達·蓋茨基金會，分文沒給子女。

“裸捐”有專門對應的英語詞匯，即all-out donation (全部捐獻)，但漢語稱之為“裸捐”似乎更為形象，那么，“裸捐”是否可以譯成naked donation呢？通過搜索引擎可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，英語媒體中很少有使用這一概念的，即使有，也多是中國媒體使用的，比如China Daily的報道：

Liu Chuanzhi, founder of Lenovo, believes reinvestment of profits into China’s developing businesses is the right thing to do at this stage of China’s growth. “Naked donation”—a term the Chinese press adopted to describe a total commitment to philanthropy—is not a timely concept in his opinion.

雖然西方媒體很少使用，但這種直譯加解釋的翻譯方法還是可以達意的。