日期:2020-10-14 13:27 點擊:
英語中的句子按照句式可以分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。
一、陳述句用來說明事實或說話人的看法;分為肯定句和否定句。 例如:
My name is Lily. 我的名字叫莉莉。(肯定句)
She isn’t a teacher. 她不是一個老師。(否定句)
二、祈使句用來表示請求、命令、勸告和建議等。例如:
Open the door please! 請打開門。
三、感嘆句用來表達(dá)強烈的感情。例如:
What a beautiful girl she is!
她真是個漂亮的女孩兒??!
四、疑問句用來提出問題。例如:
Are you my new teacher? 你是我的新老師嗎?
本節(jié)課,我們將重點講解疑問句的用法。
疑問句可以分為一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和附加疑問句。本冊書中我們重點學(xué)習(xí)的是一般疑問句和特殊疑問句。
1. 一般疑問句。
(1) 什么是一般疑問句?
可以用Yes或者No來回答的疑問句是一般疑問句。一般疑問句讀的時候往往要用升調(diào);譯成漢語的時候常可以譯為“……嗎?”。例如:
-Are you a student? 你是個學(xué)生嗎?
-Yes, I am. 是的,我是。
-Can you speak English? 你會說英語嗎?
-Yes, I can. 是的,我會。
-Do you go to school every day? 你每天都上學(xué)嗎?
-No, I don’t. 不,不是。
(2)如何將陳述句變成一般疑問句?
① 句中有be動詞(am,is, are,was, were等)、助動詞(do,does,did, have, had等)或情態(tài)動詞(can,must,will,may等)時,將其提到句首,句末加上問號即可。例如:
he is a clever girl. 她是個聰明的女孩。
→Is she a clever girl? 她是個聰明的女孩嗎?
I can swim. 我會游泳。
→Can you swim? 你會游泳嗎?
② 如果句中沒有be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞,則要根據(jù)不同的時態(tài)在句首加上相應(yīng)的助動詞來構(gòu)成一般疑問句。例如,我們目前學(xué)過的一般現(xiàn)在時,當(dāng)句子的謂語動詞是行為動詞時,把句子變成一般疑問句就要在句首加上助動詞do或者does提問。主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時用does,其余人稱用do。此時句子的謂語動詞要用原形。例如:
He likes reading books. 他喜歡讀書。
→Does he like reading books? 他喜歡讀書嗎?
I do my homework every day. 我每天做作業(yè)。
→Do you do your homework every day? 你每天都做作業(yè)嗎?
注意:在把陳述句變成一般疑問句時,除了以上的變化外,還要注意一些相應(yīng)的詞的變化,例如人稱的變化,或者把 some變成any等。例如:
She has some bread for breakfast. 她早餐吃了些面包。
→Does she have any bread for breakfast? 她早餐吃了些面包嗎?
I am a student. 我是個學(xué)生。
→Are you a student? 你是個學(xué)生嗎?
I do my homework every day. 我每天做作業(yè)。
→Do you do your homework every day? 你每天都做作業(yè)嗎?
2. 特殊疑問句。
(1)什么是特殊疑問句?
特殊疑問句是以特殊疑問詞開頭,用來詢問具體的某一方面信息的疑問句。特殊疑問句中常見的特殊疑問詞有:what(什么),who(誰),where(哪里), when(何時),why(為什么),how(如何)等。特殊疑問句在回答的時候,不可以用Yes 或者No,必須回答具體的內(nèi)容。例如:
-What’s his name? 他叫什么名字?
-His name is Tom. 他的名字是湯姆。
-Who is the girl? 那個女孩兒是誰?
-She’s my sister. 她是我的姐姐。
-Why were you late for school? 你為什么又遲到了?
-Because I got up late. 因為我起晚了。
-Whose book is this? 這是誰的書?
-It’s mine. 這是我的書。
-Which color do you like? 你喜歡哪個顏色?
-I like red. 我喜歡紅色。
(2)如何將陳述句變?yōu)樘厥庖蓡柧洌?/span>
當(dāng)我們對一個陳述句中的某一項內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問時,就構(gòu)成一個特殊疑問句。此時首先要確定用哪一個疑問詞,然后將原來的句子變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧浞旁谝蓡栐~的后面,把句號變?yōu)閱柼枴?/span>
① 果對主語或修飾主語的詞提問其語序是陳述句的語序:“特殊疑問詞(+名詞)+謂語動詞+...?”。例如:
It’s me. (對劃線部分提問)
→Who is it?
This is my bike. (對劃線部分提問)
→ Whose bike is this?
②如果對其他成分提問,其語序是:"特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句"。例如:
She looks like her mother. (對劃線部分提問)
→Who does she look like?
I’m from England. (對劃線部分提問)
→Where are you from?
(3)常見的特殊疑問詞的用法。
① 特殊疑問詞What的相關(guān)用法。
What可以用來 詢問姓名、年齡、事物、職業(yè)和數(shù)學(xué)計算結(jié)果等。例如:
What’s your name? 你叫什么名字?
What’s your age?=How old are you? 你多大了?
What is two plus four? 二加四是多少?
詢問幾點幾分用What time(詢問什么時候用When)、詢問星期幾用What day,詢問日期用What’s the date?例如:
What day is it today? 今天是星期幾?
What time is it now? 現(xiàn)在是幾點了?
What’s the date today? 今天是幾號?
What about可以用來征求別人的意見和建議,等于How about。例如:
What about going fishing after school? 放學(xué)后去釣魚如何?
What class/grade可以用來 詢問在哪一個班或者年級,此時也可以用Which class/grade。例如:
-What class are you in? 你在哪一個班級?
-I am in Class Two, Grade One. 我在一年級二班。
詢問是什么顏色用What color。例如:
-What color is your bike? 你的自行車是什么顏色?
-It’s black. 是黑色的。
②其他特殊疑問詞的用法。
詢問某人是誰用Who,詢問某物是誰的用Whose。例如:
-Who is your teacher? 誰是你的老師?
-The man in black coat. 穿黑色大衣的那個男人。
-Whose bike is this? 這是誰的自行車?
-It’s my father’s. 它是我爸爸的。
詢問哪一個用Which。例如:
Which color do you like? 你喜歡哪個顏色?
詢問地點用Where。例如:
Where is your book? 你的書在哪里?
詢問原因用Why。例如:
Why are you late again? 你為什么又遲到了?
詢問方式、狀況或者程度等可以用How。
例如:How can I get to the station? 我怎樣能到車站?
詢問某物的價格和價錢用How much。
例如:How much is your bike? 你的自行車多少錢?
How much are these apples? 這些蘋果多少錢?
注意:詢問某物有多少可以用How many和How much。How many的后面用可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,How much的后面用不可數(shù)名詞。例如:
How many people are there in your family? 你家有多少口人?
How much water is there in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少水?
How的相關(guān)詞組還有很多,我們在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中要進(jìn)一步積累。
Ⅰ.單項選擇。
1.-_____ is your dictionary?
?。?10 Yuan.
A. How much
B. How many
C. What
D. Whose
2.-_______ subjects do you have ?
- Seven.
A. How long
B. How many
C. How much
D. How far
3.-_______ do you like best?
- I like math best.
A. Which subject
B. What food
C. What color
D.Which sport
4. - ________ do you like science?
-________it’s interesting.
A. Why; So
B. What; Because
C. Why; Because
D. How; Because
5. When _______the girl ________ her homework?
A. does; does
B. does; do
C. do; does
D. do; do
6. —Does he want to go to a movie?
— _______.
A. Yes, he does
B. No, he does
C. Yes, he doesn’t
D. Yes, she is
7. -_______ kind of movies do you like?
- I like comedies very much.
A. What’s
B. How
C. What
D. Why
8. - ______ are these bananas?
- Five dollars.
A. What color
B. How about
C. How much
D. How many
9. -Can we play football in the street?
-No, you _____. It’s dangerous.
A. can
B. mustn’t
C. may
D. may not
10. -_____ does he play football?
?。?In the afternoon.
A. When
B. Where
C. How
D. What
【真題鏈接】
1. —_____ is your father? Does he still work as an engineer?
—Yes, he has been an engineer for thirty years.
A. Who
B. How
C. What
D. Which
2.—_____ does your father go to the fitness center?
—He exercises there twice a week.
A. How soon
B. How often
C. How long
3.—_________will the invitations be sent to our guests?
—In three days.
A. How often
B. How soon
C. How long
D. How far
4.—_____ is it from the New Town to the old city centre?
—Less than 30 minutes by underground.
A. How soon
B. How often
C. How long
D. How far
Ⅱ. 按要求完成句子。
1. His favorite subject is art.(就劃線部分提問)
_______ _______ his favorite subject?
2. They like broccoli. (改為一般疑問句)
________ they ________ broccoli?
3. I like thrillers because it’s scary. (就劃線部分提問)
________ ________ ________ ________ thrillers?
4. My book is on the sofa.(一般疑問句并回答)
-________ ________ book on the sofa?
-Yes, ______ is. / No, it _______.
5. His sister likes to be a musician. (就劃線部分提問)
________ ________ to be a musician?
6. He does his homework after school every day. (改為一般疑問句)
_______he _______ his homework after school every day?
7. John has P.E. on Monday. (就劃線部分提問)
________ ________ John have P.E.?
8. Mrs. Yang works in a shop. (就劃線部分提問)
________ does Mrs. Yang _______?
9. They are under the bed. (一般疑問句并回答)
-_______ _______ under the bed?
-Yes, _______ _______. / No, _______ ________.
10. My father is OK. (就劃線部分提問)
________ ________ your father?
11. Does she like ice cream? (作否定回答)
_________, she _________.
12. My bed is yellow. (就劃線部分提問)
_______ _______ is _______ bed?
13. That’s a box. (改為一般疑問句,并作肯定回答)
-________ ________ a box?
-______, ________ ________.
14. The notebook is in the bag.(就劃線部分提問)
_________ the notebook?
15. I can spell that. (改為一般疑問句)
________ ________ spell that?
思源教育(原上海交大思源進(jìn)修學(xué)院,簡稱思源教育)成立于1996年,自建校以來,秉承交大校訓(xùn),依托名校師資,提供專業(yè)的托班輔導(dǎo)、青少年英語輔導(dǎo)、小學(xué)輔導(dǎo)、初中輔導(dǎo)、高中輔導(dǎo)、高考高復(fù)、三校生高復(fù)、藝考生文化課等,學(xué)生遍及全市各區(qū),至今已幫助六萬多余名學(xué)子取得優(yōu)異成績,成功考入理想的各級院校!20余年來思源已成為“中考教學(xué)研究中心”、“中學(xué)個性化學(xué)習(xí)教育基地”、“快速學(xué)習(xí)法”實驗學(xué)校。
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